Mary of Teck | |||||
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Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions; Empress consort of India | |||||
Tenure | 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936 | ||||
Coronation | 22 June 1911 | ||||
Imperial Durbar | 12 December 1911 | ||||
Born | 26 May 1867 Kensington Palace, London | ||||
Died | 24 March 1953 (aged 85) Marlborough House, London | ||||
Burial | 31 March 1953 | ||||
Spouse | George V (m.1893; died 1936) | ||||
Issue | |||||
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House | Teck / Cambridge | ||||
Father | Francis, Duke of Teck | ||||
Mother | Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge |
Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Empress consort of India as the wife of King George V.
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Although technically a princess of Teck, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, she was born and raised in the United Kingdom. Her parents were Francis, Duke of Teck, who was of German extraction, and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, who was a granddaughter of King George III. She was informally known as 'May', after her birth month.
At the age of 24, she was betrothed to her second cousin once removed Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales, but six weeks after the announcement of the engagement, he died unexpectedly during an influenza pandemic. The following year, she became engaged to Albert Victor's next surviving brother, George, who subsequently became king. Before her husband's accession, she was successively Duchess of York, Duchess of Cornwall, and Princess of Wales.
As queen consort from 1910, she supported her husband through the First World War, his ill health, and major political changes arising from the aftermath of the war. After George's death in 1936, she became queen mother when her eldest son, Edward VIII, ascended the throne, but to her dismay, he abdicated later the same year in order to marry twice-divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson. She supported her second son, George VI, until his death in 1952. She died the following year, during the reign of her granddaughter Elizabeth II, who had not yet been crowned.
- 9Titles, styles, honours and arms
Early life[edit]
Mary as an infant with her parents
Teck-Cambridge Family |
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Princess Victoria Mary ('May') of Teck was born on 26 May 1867 at Kensington Palace, London, in the same room where Queen Victoria, her first cousin once removed, was born 48 years earlier. Queen Victoria came to visit the baby, writing that she was 'a very fine one, with pretty little features and a quantity of hair'. May would become the first British queen consort born in Britain since Catherine Parr.[1] Her father was Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, the son of Duke Alexander of Württemberg by his morganatic wife, Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde (created Countess von Hohenstein in the Austrian Empire). Her mother was Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a granddaughter of King George III and the third child and younger daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, and Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel.
She was baptised in the Chapel Royal of Kensington Palace on 27 July 1867 by Charles Thomas Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury.[3] From an early age, she was known to her family, friends and the public by the diminutive name of 'May', after her birth month.[4]
May's upbringing was 'merry but fairly strict'.[1][5] She was the eldest of four children, the only daughter, and 'learned to exercise her native discretion, firmness, and tact' by resolving her three younger brothers' petty boyhood squabbles.[6] They played with their cousins, the children of the Prince of Wales, who were similar in age.[7] She grew up at Kensington Palace and White Lodge, in Richmond Park, which was granted by Queen Victoria on permanent loan, and was educated at home by her mother and governess (as were her brothers until they were sent to boarding schools).[8] The Duchess of Teck spent an unusually long time with her children for a lady of her time and class,[5] and enlisted May in various charitable endeavours, which included visiting the tenements of the poor.[9]
Although May was a great-grandchild of George III, she was only a minor member of the British royal family. Her father, the Duke of Teck, had no inheritance or wealth and carried the lower royal style of Serene Highness because his parents' marriage was morganatic.[10] The Duchess of Teck was granted a parliamentaryannuity of £5,000 and received about £4,000 a year from her mother, the Duchess of Cambridge,[11] but she donated lavishly to dozens of charities.[1] Prince Francis was deeply in debt and moved his family abroad with a small staff in 1883, in order to economise.[12] They travelled throughout Europe, visiting their various relations. They stayed in Florence, Italy, for a time, where May enjoyed visiting the art galleries, churches, and museums.[13] She was fluent in English, German, and French.[1]
In 1885, the family returned to London and lived for some time in Chester Square.[1] May was close to her mother, and acted as an unofficial secretary, helping to organise parties and social events. She was also close to her aunt, the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and wrote to her every week. During the First World War, the Crown Princess of Sweden helped pass letters from May to her aunt, who lived in enemy territory in Germany until her death in 1916.[14]
Engagements[edit]
In 1886, Princess May was a debutante in her first season and introduced at court. Her status as the only unmarried British princess who was not descended from Queen Victoria made her a suitable candidate for the royal family's most eligible bachelor, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale,[1] her second cousin once removed and the eldest son of the Prince of Wales.[15]
In December 1891, May and Albert Victor were engaged.[1] The choice of May as bride for the Duke owed much to Queen Victoria's fondness for her, as well as to her strong character and sense of duty. However, Albert Victor died six weeks later, in a recurrence of the worldwide 1889–90influenza pandemic,[16] before the date was fixed for their wedding.[1]
Albert Victor's brother, Prince George, Duke of York, now second in line to the throne, evidently became close to May during their shared period of mourning, and Queen Victoria still favoured May as a suitable candidate to marry a future king.[17] The public was also anxious that the Duke of York should marry and settle the succession.[1] In May 1893, George proposed, and May accepted. They were soon deeply in love, and their marriage was a success. George wrote to May every day they were apart and, unlike his father, never took a mistress.[18]
Duchess of York (1893–1901)[edit]
Princess Victoria Mary shortly before her marriage to the Duke of York in 1893
May married Prince George, Duke of York, in London on 6 July 1893 at the Chapel Royal, St James's Palace.[19] The new Duke and Duchess of York lived in York Cottage on the Sandringham Estate in Norfolk, and in apartments in St James's Palace. York Cottage was a modest house for royalty, but it was a favourite of George, who liked a relatively simple life.[20] They had six children: Edward, Albert, Mary, Henry, George, and John.
The children were put into the care of a nanny, as was usual in upper-class families at the time. The first nanny was dismissed for insolence and the second for abusing the children. This second woman, anxious to suggest that the children preferred her to anyone else, would pinch Edward and Albert whenever they were about to be presented to their parents so that they would start crying and be speedily returned to her. On discovery, she was replaced by her effective and much-loved assistant, Charlotte Bill.[21]
Sometimes, Mary and George appear to have been distant parents. At first, they failed to notice the nanny's abuse of the young Princes Edward and Albert,[22] and their youngest son, Prince John, was housed in a private farm on the Sandringham Estate, in Bill's care, perhaps to hide his epilepsy from the public. However, despite Mary's austere public image and her strait-laced private life, she was a caring mother in many respects, revealing a fun-loving and frivolous side to her children and teaching them history and music.
Edward wrote fondly of his mother in his memoirs: 'Her soft voice, her cultivated mind, the cosy room overflowing with personal treasures were all inseparable ingredients of the happiness associated with this last hour of a child's day .. Such was my mother's pride in her children that everything that happened to each one was of the utmost importance to her. With the birth of each new child, Mama started an album in which she painstakingly recorded each progressive stage of our childhood'.[23] He expressed a less charitable view, however, in private letters to his wife after his mother's death: 'My sadness was mixed with incredulity that any mother could have been so hard and cruel towards her eldest son for so many years and yet so demanding at the end without relenting a scrap. I'm afraid the fluids in her veins have always been as icy cold as they are now in death.'[24]
As Duke and Duchess of York, George and May carried out a variety of public duties. In 1897, she became the patron of the London Needlework Guild in succession to her mother. The guild, initially established as The London Guild in 1882, was renamed several times and was named after May between 1914 and 2010.[25] Samples of her own embroidery range from chair seats to tea cosies.[26]
The Duchess of Cornwall and York in Ottawa, 1901
On 22 January 1901, Queen Victoria died, and May's father-in-law ascended the throne. For most of the rest of that year, George and May were known as the 'Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York'. For eight months they toured the British Empire, visiting Gibraltar, Malta, Egypt, Ceylon, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Mauritius, South Africa and Canada. No royal had undertaken such an ambitious tour before. She broke down in tears at the thought of leaving her children, who were to be left in the care of their grandparents, for such a long time.[27]
Princess of Wales (1901–1910)[edit]
On 9 November 1901, nine days after arriving back in Britain and on the King's sixtieth birthday, George was created Prince of Wales. The family moved their London residence from St James's Palace to Marlborough House. As Princess of Wales, May accompanied her husband on trips to Austria-Hungary and Württemberg in 1904. The following year, she gave birth to her last child, John. It was a difficult labour, and although she recovered quickly, her newborn son suffered respiratory problems.[28]
From October 1905 the Prince and Princess of Wales undertook another eight-month tour, this time of India, and the children were once again left in the care of their grandparents.[29] They passed through Egypt both ways and on the way back stopped in Greece. The tour was almost immediately followed by a trip to Spain for the wedding of King Alfonso XIII to Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, at which the bride and groom narrowly avoided assassination.[30] Only a week after returning to Britain, May and George went to Norway for the coronation of George's brother-in-law and sister, King Haakon VII and Queen Maud.[31]
Queen consort (1910–1936)[edit]
Portrait by William Llewellyn, c. 1911
On 6 May 1910, Edward VII died. Mary's husband ascended the throne and she became queen consort. When her husband asked her to drop one of her two official names, Victoria Mary, she chose to be called Mary, preferring not to be known by the same style as her husband's grandmother, Queen Victoria.[32] Queen Mary was crowned with the King on 22 June 1911 at Westminster Abbey. Later in the year, the new King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar held on 12 December 1911, and toured the sub-continent as Emperor and Empress of India, returning to Britain in February.[33]
The beginning of Mary's period as consort brought her into conflict with her mother-in-law, Queen Alexandra. Although the two were on friendly terms, Alexandra could be stubborn; she demanded precedence over Mary at the funeral of Edward VII, was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace, and kept some of the royal jewels that should have been passed to the new queen.[34]
During the First World War, Queen Mary instituted an austerity drive at the palace, where she rationed food, and visited wounded and dying servicemen in hospital, which caused her great emotional strain.[35] After three years of war against Germany, and with anti-German feeling in Britain running high, the Russian Imperial Family, which had been deposed by a revolutionary government, was refused asylum, possibly in part because the Tsar's wife was German-born.[36] News of the Tsar's abdication provided a boost to those in Britain who wished to replace their own monarchy with a republic.[37] The war ended in 1918 with the defeat of Germany and the abdication and exile of the Kaiser.
The Queen with her daughter Mary during the First World War
Two months after the end of the war, Queen Mary's youngest son, John, died at the age of thirteen. She described her shock and sorrow in her diary and letters, extracts of which were published after her death: 'our poor darling little Johnnie had passed away suddenly .. The first break in the family circle is hard to bear but people have been so kind & sympathetic & this has helped us [the King and me] much.'[38]
Her staunch support of her husband continued during the later half of his reign. She advised him on speeches and used her extensive knowledge of history and royalty to advise him on matters affecting his position. He appreciated her discretion, intelligence, and judgement.[39] She maintained an air of self-assured calm throughout all her public engagements in the years after the war, a period marked by civil unrest over social conditions, Irish independence, and Indian nationalism.[40]
In the late 1920s, George V became increasingly ill with lung problems, exacerbated by his heavy smoking. Queen Mary paid particular attention to his care. During his illness in 1928, one of his doctors, Sir Farquhar Buzzard, was asked who had saved the King's life. He replied, 'The Queen'.[41] In 1935, King George V and Queen Mary celebrated their silver jubilee, with celebrations taking place throughout the British Empire. In his jubilee speech, George paid public tribute to his wife, having told his speechwriter, 'Put that paragraph at the very end. I cannot trust myself to speak of the Queen when I think of all I owe her.'[42]
Queen mother (1936–1952)[edit]
George V died on 20 January 1936, after his physician, Lord Dawson of Penn, gave him an injection of morphine and cocaine that may have hastened his death.[43] Queen Mary's eldest son ascended the throne as Edward VIII. She was now the queen mother, though she did not use that style, and was instead known as Her Majesty Queen Mary.
Within the year, Edward caused a constitutional crisis by announcing his desire to marry his twice-divorced American mistress, Wallis Simpson. Mary disapproved of divorce, which was against the teaching of the Anglican church, and thought Simpson wholly unsuitable to be the wife of a king. After receiving advice from the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Stanley Baldwin, as well as the Dominion governments, that he could not remain king and marry Simpson, Edward abdicated.
Though loyal and supportive of her son, Mary could not comprehend why Edward would neglect his royal duties in favour of his personal feelings.[44] Simpson had been presented formally to both King George V and Queen Mary at court,[45] but Mary later refused to meet her either in public or privately.[46] She saw it as her duty to provide moral support for her second son, the reserved and stammering Prince Albert, Duke of York, who ascended the throne on Edward's abdication, taking the name George VI. When Mary attended the coronation, she became the first British dowager queen to do so.[47] Edward's abdication did not lessen her love for him, but she never wavered in her disapproval of his actions.[18][48]
Queen Mary with her granddaughters, Princesses Margaret (front) and Elizabeth, May 1939
Mary took an interest in the upbringing of her granddaughters, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret, and took them on various excursions in London, to art galleries and museums. (The princesses' own parents thought it unnecessary for them to be taxed with any demanding educational regime.)[49]
During the Second World War, George VI wished his mother to be evacuated from London. Although she was reluctant, she decided to live at Badminton House, Gloucestershire, with her niece, Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort, the daughter of her brother Lord Cambridge.[50] Her personal belongings were transported from London in seventy pieces of luggage. Her household, which comprised fifty-five servants, occupied most of the house, except for the Duke and Duchess's private suites, until after the war. The only people to complain about the arrangements were the royal servants, who found the house too small,[51] though Queen Mary annoyed her niece by having the ancient ivy torn from the walls as she considered it unattractive and a hazard. From Badminton, in support of the war effort, she visited troops and factories and directed the gathering of scrap materials. She was known to offer lifts to soldiers she spotted on the roads.[52] In 1942, her youngest surviving son, Prince George, Duke of Kent, was killed in an air crash while on active service. Mary finally returned to Marlborough House in June 1945, after the war in Europe had resulted in the defeat of Nazi Germany.
Mary was an eager collector of objects and pictures with a royal connection.[53] She paid above-market estimates when purchasing jewels from the estate of Dowager Empress Marie of Russia[54] and paid almost three times the estimate when buying the family's Cambridge Emeralds from Lady Kilmorey, the mistress of her late brother Prince Francis.[55] In 1924, the famous architect Sir Edwin Lutyens created Queen Mary's Dolls' House for her collection of miniature pieces.[56] Indeed, she has sometimes been criticised for her aggressive acquisition of objets d'art for the Royal Collection. On several occasions, she would express to hosts, or others, that she admired something they had in their possession, in the expectation that the owner would be willing to donate it.[57] Her extensive knowledge of, and research into, the Royal Collection helped in identifying artefacts and artwork that had gone astray over the years.[58] The royal family had lent out many objects over previous generations. Once she had identified unreturned items through old inventories, she would write to the holders, requesting that they be returned.[59] In addition to being an avid collector, Mary was also generous in giving gifts of jewellery, such as presenting her ladies-in-waiting with rings on the occasion of their engagements.[60]
Death[edit]
Queen Mary's funeral carriage. At her funeral, Mary's coffin was draped in her personal banner of arms.[61]
In 1952, King George VI died, the third of Queen Mary's children to predecease her; her eldest granddaughter, Princess Elizabeth, ascended the throne as Queen Elizabeth II. The death of a third child profoundly affected her. Mary remarked to Princess Marie Louise: 'I have lost three sons through death, but I have never been privileged to be there to say a last farewell to them.'[62]
Mary died on 24 March 1953 in her sleep at the age of 85, ten weeks before her granddaughter's coronation.[63] Mary let it be known that, in the event of her death, the coronation was not to be postponed. Her remains lay in state at Westminster Hall, where large numbers of mourners filed past her coffin. She is buried beside her husband in the nave of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.[64]
Legacy[edit]
Sir Henry 'Chips' Channon wrote that she was 'above politics .. magnificent, humorous, worldly, in fact nearly sublime, though cold and hard. But what a grand Queen.'[65]
The ocean liner RMS Queen Mary;[66] the Royal Navy battlecruiser, HMS Queen Mary, which was destroyed at the Battle of Jutland in 1916; Queen Mary University of London;[67]Queen Mary Reservoir in Surrey, United Kingdom;[68]Queen Mary College, Lahore;[69]Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Queen Mary's Peak, the highest mountain in Tristan da Cunha; Queen Mary Land in Antarctica; and Queen Mary's College in Chennai, India, are named in her honour.
Actresses who have portrayed Queen Mary include Dame Wendy Hiller (on the London stage in Crown Matrimonial),[70]Greer Garson (in the television production of Crown Matrimonial), Judy Loe (in Edward the Seventh), Dame Flora Robson (in A King's Story), Dame Peggy Ashcroft (in Edward & Mrs. Simpson), Phyllis Calvert (in The Woman He Loved), Gaye Brown (in All the King's Men), Miranda Richardson (in The Lost Prince), Margaret Tyzack (in Wallis & Edward), Claire Bloom (in The King's Speech), Judy Parfitt (in W.E.), Valerie Dane (in Downton Abbey), and Dame Eileen Atkins (in Bertie and Elizabeth and The Crown).
Titles, styles, honours and arms[edit]
Titles and styles[edit]
Queen Mary's coat of arms
- 26 May 1867 – 6 July 1893: Her Serene Highness Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
- 6 July 1893 – 22 January 1901: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of York
- 22 January 1901 – 9 November 1901: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall and York
- 9 November 1901 – 6 May 1910: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales
- 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936: Her Majesty The Queen
- 20 January 1936 – 24 March 1953: Her Majesty Queen Mary
Honours[edit]
Arms[edit]
Queen Mary's arms were the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdomimpaled with her family arms – the arms of her grandfather, Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, in the 1st and 4th quarters, and the arms of her father, Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, in the 2nd and 3rd quarters.[71][72] The shield is surmounted by the imperial crown, and supported by the crowned lion of England and 'a stag Proper' as in the arms of Württemberg.[72]
Issue[edit]
Name | Birth | Death | Spouse | Children |
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Edward VIII Later Duke of Windsor | 23 June 1894 | 28 May 1972 | Wallis Simpson | None |
George VI | 14 December 1895 | 6 February 1952 | Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon | Elizabeth II Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon |
Mary, Princess Royal | 25 April 1897 | 28 March 1965 | Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood | George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood The Honourable Gerald Lascelles |
Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester | 31 March 1900 | 10 June 1974 | Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott | Prince William of Gloucester Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester |
Prince George, Duke of Kent | 20 December 1902 | 25 August 1942 | Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark | Prince Edward, Duke of Kent Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy Prince Michael of Kent |
Prince John | 12 July 1905 | 18 January 1919 | Never married | None |
Ancestry[edit]
Ancestors of Mary of Teck | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also[edit]
- King George and Queen Mary, BBC documentary
Notes[edit]
- ^ abcdefghi'Queen Mary: A Lifetime of Gracious Service'. The Times. The Times Digital Archive. 25 March 1953. p. 5.
- ^The Times (London), Monday, 29 July 1867 p. 12 col. E
- ^Her three godparents were Queen Victoria, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII and May's future father-in-law), and Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge.[2]
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 24
- ^ abPope-Hennessy, p. 66
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 45
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 55
- ^Pope-Hennessy, pp. 68, 76, 123
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 68
- ^Pope-Hennessy, pp. 36–37
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 114
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 112
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 133
- ^Pope-Hennessy, pp. 503–505
- ^May's maternal grandfather, Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, was a brother of Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent, who was the father of Queen Victoria, Albert Victor's paternal grandmother.
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 201
- ^Edwards, p. 61
- ^ abProchaska, Frank (January 2008) [September 2004], 'Mary (1867–1953)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34914, retrieved 1 May 2010
- ^Her bridesmaids were the Princesses Maud and Victoria of Wales, Victoria Melita, Alexandra and Beatrice of Edinburgh, Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, Margaret and Patricia of Connaught and Strathearn, and Alice and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg.
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 291
- ^Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 16–17
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 393
- ^Windsor, pp. 24–25
- ^Ziegler, p. 538
- ^Queen Mother's Clothing Guild official website, retrieved 1 May 2010
- ^e.g. Mary, Queen of England (1943), Chair seat, Metropolitan Museum of Art; Queen Mary (1909), Tea cosy, Springhill, County Londonderry: National Trust
- ^Edwards, p. 115
- ^Edwards, pp. 142–143
- ^Edwards, p. 146
- ^The driver of their coach and over a dozen spectators were killed by a bomb thrown by an anarchist, Mateo Morral.
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 407
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 421
- ^Pope-Hennessy, pp. 452–463
- ^Edwards, pp. 182–193
- ^Edwards, pp. 244–245
- ^Edwards, p. 258
- ^Edwards, p. 262
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 511
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 549
- ^Edwards, p. 311
- ^Gore, p. 243
- ^The Times (London), Wednesday, 25 March 1953 p. 5
- ^Watson, Francis (1986), 'The Death of George V', History Today, 36: 21–30
- ^Airlie, p. 200
- ^Windsor, p. 255
- ^Windsor, p. 334
- ^According to custom, crowned heads do not attend coronations of other kings and queens. Pope-Hennessy, p. 584
- ^Edwards, p. 401 and Pope-Hennessy, p. 575
- ^Edwards, p. 349
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 596
- ^Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003), 'Duke of Beaufort, 'Seat' section', Burke's Peerage & Gentry, 107th edition, vol. I p. 308
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 600
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 412
- ^Clarke, William (1995), The Lost Fortune of the Tsars
- ^Thomson, Mark (29 August 2005), Document – A Right Royal Affair, BBC Radio 4
See also Kilmorey Papers (D/2638) (pdf), Public Record Office of Northern Ireland. - ^Pope-Hennessy, pp. 531–534
- ^Rose, p. 284
- ^Pope-Hennessy, p. 414
- ^Windsor, p. 238
- ^'S. J. Rood – Jewellers'. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
- ^'Queen Mary laid to rest in Windsor', BBC On This Day: 31 March 1953; retrieved 19 October 2010.
- ^Marie Louise, p. 238
- ^'1953: Queen Mary dies peacefully after illness'. BBC. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- ^Royal Burials in the Chapel by location, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, archived from the original on 22 January 2010, retrieved 1 May 2010
- ^Channon, Sir Henry (1967), Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, Edited by Robert Rhodes James, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, p. 473
- ^RMS Queen Mary 2 was named after the original ocean liner, and is only indirectly named after the Queen.
- ^Moss, G. P.; Saville, M. V. (1985), From Palace to College – An illustrated account of Queen Mary College, University of London, pp. 57–62, ISBN0-902238-06-X
- ^History of the Queen Mary Reservoir- Sunbury Matters, Village Matters, retrieved 25 April 2014
- ^Introduction, Queen Mary College, Lahore, retrieved 29 October 2014
- ^'Dame Wendy Hiller', The Guardian, 16 May 2003, retrieved 1 May 2010
- ^Maclagan, Michael; Louda, Jiří (1999), Line of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, London: Little, Brown & Co, pp. 30–31, ISBN1-85605-469-1
- ^ abPinches, John Harvey; Pinches, Rosemary (1974), The Royal Heraldry of England, Heraldry Today, Slough, Buckinghamshire: Hollen Street Press, p. 267, ISBN0-900455-25-X
- ^ ab'The Ancestry of the Princess May', Bow Bells: A magazine of general literature and art for family reading, London, 23 (288): 31, 7 July 1893
References[edit]
- Airlie, Mabell (1962), Thatched with Gold, London: Hutchinson
- Edwards, Anne (1984), Matriarch: Queen Mary and the House of Windsor, Hodder and Stoughton, ISBN0-340-24465-8
- Gore, John (1941), King George V: A Personal Memoir, London: John Murray
- Marie Louise, Princess (1959), My Memories of Six Reigns, Penguin Books
- Pope-Hennessy, James (1959), Queen Mary, London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
- Prochaska, Frank (January 2008) [September 2004], 'Mary (1867–1953)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34914, retrieved 1 May 2010
- Rose, Kenneth (1983), King George V, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, ISBN0-297-78245-2
- Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John (1958), King George VI, London: Macmillan
- Windsor, HRH The Duke of (1951), A King's Story, London: Cassell and Co
- Ziegler, Philip (1990), King Edward VIII, London: Collins, ISBN0-00-215741-1
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Queen Mary of the United Kingdom. |
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Mary of Teck |
- Mary of Teck at the Encyclopædia Britannica
- 'Archival material relating to Mary of Teck'. UK National Archives.
- Portraits of Queen Mary at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Newspaper clippings about Mary of Teck in the 20th Century Press Archives of the German National Library of Economics (ZBW)
Royal titles | ||
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Preceded by Alexandra of Denmark | Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions; Empress consort of India 1910–1936 | VacantElizabeth Bowes-Lyon |
Honorary titles | ||
Preceded by The Prince of Wales | Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire 1936–1953 | Succeeded by The Duke of Edinburgh |
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_of_Teck&oldid=899184178'
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Budget | £459.5 million (2017–18)[4] |
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Website | www.qmul.ac.uk |
Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) is a publicresearch university in London, England, and a constituent college of the federal University of London. It dates back to the foundation of London Hospital Medical College in 1785. Queen Mary College, named after Mary of Teck, was admitted to the University of London in 1915 and in 1989 merged with Westfield College to form Queen Mary and Westfield College. In 1995 Queen Mary and Westfield College merged with St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College and the London Hospital Medical College to form the School of Medicine and Dentistry.
Queen Mary's main campus is in the Stepney area of Tower Hamlets, with other campuses in Holborn, Smithfield and Whitechapel. In 2015/16 it had 17,140 students and 4,000 staff.[5] Queen Mary is organised into three faculties – the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Science and Engineering and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.
Queen Mary is a member of the Russell Group of British research universities, the Association of Commonwealth Universities and Universities UK. Queen Mary is a major centre for medical teaching and research and is part of UCLPartners, the world's largest academic health science centre. It has a strategic partnership with the University of Warwick, including research collaboration and joint teaching of English, history and computer science undergraduates. Queen Mary run programmes at the University of London Institute in Paris, taking over the functions provided by Royal Holloway.[6] Queen Mary also collaborates with University of London to offer its Global MBA program.[7] For 2017–18, Queen Mary had a turnover of £459.5 million, including £106.5 million from research grants and contracts.[4]
In the 2018/19 international university rankings, Queen Mary ranked 119th (QS World University Rankings),[8] 130th (Times Higher Education World University Rankings)[9], 110th (U.S. News and World Report)[10] and 151–200 (Academic Ranking of World Universities).[11] In the national rankings for UK universities, Queen Mary ranked 38th by The Complete University Guide 2019,[12] 46th by the The Times/Sunday Times Good University Guide 2019[13] and 83rd by the The Guardian University Guide 2019. There are eight Nobel Laureates amongst Queen Mary's alumni, current and former staff.[14]
- 1History
- 1.4Queen Mary College
- 2Campuses
- 3Organisation and administration
- 4Academic profile
- 5Student life
- 5.1Queen Mary Students' Union
- 5.2Student housing
- 6Notable people
History[edit]
St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College and the London Hospital Medical College[edit]
The Medical College of the Royal London Hospital (now part of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry) was England’s first medical school when it opened in 1785.[15]In 1850, Elizabeth Blackwell became the first fully qualified female doctor in the UK, after training at St Bartholomew's Hospital.[15]
People's Palace[edit]
The predecessor to Queen Mary College was founded in the mid Victorian era as a People's Palace when growing awareness of conditions in London's East End led to drives to provide facilities for local inhabitants, popularised in the 1882 novel All Sorts of Conditions of Men – An Impossible Story by Walter Besant, which told of how a rich and clever couple from Mayfair went to the East End to build a 'Palace of Delight, with concert halls, reading rooms, picture galleries, art and designing schools.'[16]:15-17 Although not directly responsible for the conception of the People's Palace, the novel did much to popularise it.
The trustees of the Beaumont Trust, administering funds left by Barber Beaumont, purchased the site of the former Bancroft's School from the Drapers' Company. On 20 May 1885 the Drapers' Court of Assistants resolved to grant £20,000 'for the provision of the technical schools of the People's Palace.'[16]:21 The foundation stone was laid on 28 June 1886 and on 14 May 1887 Queen Victoria opened the palace's Queen's Hall as well as laying the foundation stone for the technical schools in the palace's east wing.
The technical schools were opened on 5 October 1888, with the entire palace completed by 1892. However others saw the technical schools as one day becoming a technical university for the East End.[16]:37 In 1892 the Drapers' Company provided £7,000 a year for ten years to guarantee the educational side income.
East London College[edit]
Part of the Charterhouse Square site
In 1895 John Leigh Smeathman Hatton, Director of Evening Classes (1892–1896; later Director of Studies 1896–1908 and Principal 1908–1933), proposed introducing a course of study leading to the Bachelorsee of Science degree of the University of London. By the start of the 20th century the first degrees were awarded and Hatton, along with several other Professors, were recognised as Teachers of the University of London. In 1906 an application for Parliamentary funds 'for the aid of Educational Institutions engaged in work of a University nature', led to the College being admitted on an initial three-year trial basis as a School of the University of London on 15 May 1907 as East London College.
The ground-breaking wind tunnel built in the first ever aeronautical department in the UK
Teaching of aeronautical engineering began in 1907 which led to the first UK aeronautical engineering department being established in 1909, boasting a ground-breaking wind tunnel and creating what became (following the demise of the University of Paris) the oldest Aeronautical Programme in the World.[17]
In 1910 the College's status in the University of London was extended for a further five years, with unlimited membership achieved in May 1915. During this period the organisation of the governors of the People's Palace was rearranged, creating the separate People's Palace Committee and East London College Committee, both under the Palace Governors, as a sign of the growing separation of the two concepts within a single complex.[16]:39–48
During the First World War the College admitted students from the London Hospital Medical College who were preparing for the preliminary medical examination, the first step in a long process that would eventually bring the two institutions together. After the war, the College grew, albeit constrained by the rest of the People's Palace to the west and a burial ground immediately to the east. In 1920 it obtained both the Palace's Rotunda (now the Octagon) and rooms under the winter gardens at the west of the palace, which became chemical laboratories. The College's status was also unique, being the only School of the University of London that was subject to both the Charity Commissioners and the Board of Education.
In April 1929 the College Council decided it would take the steps towards applying to the Privy Council for a Royal Charter, but on the advice of the Drapers' Company first devised a scheme for development and expansion, which recommended amongst other things to re-amalgamate the People's Palace and the College, with guaranteed provision of the Queen's Hall for recreational purposes, offering at least freedom of governance if not in space.[16]:49–57
Queen Mary College[edit]
In the early hours of 25 February 1931 a fire destroyed the Queen's Hall, though both the College and the winter gardens escaped. In the coming days discussions on reconstruction led to the proposal that the entire site be transferred to the College which would then apply for a Charter alone. The Drapers' Company obtained St Helen's Terrace, a row of six houses neighbouring the site, and in July 1931 it was agreed to give these over to the People's Palace for a new site adjacent to the old, which would now become entirely the domain of the College. Separation was now achieved. The Charter was now pursued, but the Academic Board asked for a name change, feeling that 'east London' carried unfortunate associations that would hinder the College and its graduates. With the initial proposed name, 'Queen's College', having already been taken by The Queen's College, Oxford and 'Victoria College' felt to be unoriginal, 'Queen Mary College' was settled on. The Charter of Incorporation was presented on 12 December 1934 by Queen Mary herself.[16]:57–62
Under the Charter[edit]
The Queens' Building
During the Second World War the College was evacuated to Cambridge, where it shared with King's College. After the war the College returned to London, facing many of the same problems but with prospects for westward expansion.[16]:75–85 The East End had suffered considerable bomb damage (although the College itself had incurred little) and consequently several areas of land near to the College site now became vacant. New buildings for physics, engineering, biology and chemistry were built on the new sites, whilst the arts took over the space vacated in the original building, now renamed the Queens' Building.
Limited accommodation resulted in the acquisition of further land in South Woodford (now directly connected to Mile End tube station by means of the Central line's eastward extension), upon which tower blocks were established. The College also obtained the Co-operative Wholesale Society's clothing factory on the Mile End Road which was converted into a building for the Faculty of Laws (and some other teaching), as well as the former headquarters of Spratt's Patent Ltd[18] (operators of the 'largest dog biscuit factory in the world' – see Spratt's Complex) at 41–47 Bow Road, which was converted into a building for the Faculty of Economics founded by Maurice Peston, Baron Peston. Both faculties were physically separated from what was now a campus to the west.[16]:86–102
From the mid-1960s until the mid-1980s the College proposed to link with the London Hospital Medical College and St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College with a joint facility in Mile End. A further link with both The London and St. Bartholomew's was made in 1974 when an anonymous donor provided for the establishment of a further hall of residence in Woodford, to be divided equally between Queen Mary College students and the two medical colleges.[16]:103–117
At the start of the 1980s changing demographics and finances led to a reorganisation of the University of London. At Queen Mary some subjects, such as Russian and Classics were discontinued, whilst the College became one of five in the University with a concentration of laboratory sciences, including the transfer of science departments from Westfield College, Chelsea College, Queen Elizabeth College and Bedford College.[16]:117–130
1989 to 2010[edit]
The arms of Queen Mary & Westfield College (prior to the merger with the medical schools), combining details from the arms of the two individual colleges. The triple crowns come from the arms of Queen Mary College, originating in the Drapers' arms.
In 1989 Queen Mary College (informally known as QMC) merged with Westfield College to form Queen Mary & Westfield College (often abbreviated to QMW). Over subsequent years, activities were concentrated on the Queen Mary site, with the Westfield site eventually sold.
In 1990, the London Hospital was renamed the Royal London Hospital, after marking its 250th year, and a reorganisation of medical education within the University of London resulted in most of the freestanding medical schools being merged with existing large colleges to form multi-faculty institutions. In 1995 the London Hospital Medical College and St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College merged into Queen Mary & Westfield College to form the entity now named Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.[19]
In 2000 the college changed its name for general public use to Queen Mary, University of London; in 2013, the college legally changed its name to Queen Mary University of London. The VISTA telescope is a 4-metre class wide-fieldtelescope at the Paranal Observatory in Chile that was conceived and developed by a consortium of UK universities led by Queen Mary University, costing approximately £36m.[20]
The Westfield Student Village opened in 2004 on the Mile End Campus, bringing over 2,000 rooms to students and a huge array of facilities, restaurants, and cafes.[19][21]
The Blizard Building, home to the Medical School's Institute of Cell and Molecular Science opened at the Whitechapel campus in 2005. The award-winning building was designed by Will Alsop, and is named after William Blizard, an English surgeon and founder of the London Hospital Medical College in 1785.[22][23]
The year 2006 saw the refurbishment of The Octagon, the original library of the People's Palace dating back to 1888.[24]
In 2007 parts of the School of Law – postgraduate facilities and the Centre for Commercial Law Studies – moved to premises in Lincoln's Inn Fields in central London. The Women at Queen Mary Exhibition was staged in the Octagon, marking 125 years of Westfield College and 120 years of Queen Mary College.[19]
In September 2009, the world's first science education centre located within a working research laboratory opened at the Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, hoping to inspire children with school tours and interactive games and puzzles.[25]
2010 to present[edit]
Queen Mary became one of the few university-level institutions to implement a requirement of the A* grade at A-Level after its introduction in 2010 on some of their most popular courses, such as Engineering, Law, and Medicine.[26][27]
Following on from the 2010 UK student protests, Queen Mary set fees of £9,000 per year for September 2012 entry, while also offering bursaries and scholarships.[28]
On 12 March 2012 it was announced that Queen Mary would be joining the Russell Group in August 2012.[29][30] Later in March, Queen Mary and the University of Warwick announced the creation of a strategic partnership, including research collaboration, joint teaching of English, history and computer science undergraduates, and the creation of eight joint post-doctoral research fellowships.[31][32]
In January 2013, Queen Mary established the world's first professorial chair in animal replacement science.[33]
From 2014, Queen Mary began awarding its own degrees, rather than those of the University of London.[34]
Campuses[edit]
Queen's Clocktower at the Mile End campus
The main Mile End campus contains the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Science and Engineering, the Queens' Building, the main college library, the student union, Draper's bar and club, several restaurants, a number of halls of residences and a gym. The educational and research sites of the Arts Research Centre, Computer Science, the large Engineering building, G.E. Fogg Building, Francis Bancroft Building, G. O. Jones Building, Joseph Priestley Building, Lock-keeper's Graduate Centre, and the Mathematical Science Building, are all located within the Mile End campus.[35][36]
The Grade II listed Queens' Building is home to the Octagon. Built in 1887, the Octagon was originally the QMUL Library. It was designed by architect ER Robson and inspired by the British Museum Reading Room. In 2006, 'brightly coloured leather bound books' were restored and reinstated to the bookshelves, along with 'busts of famous literati looking down from the beautiful high domed ceiling.'[37]
While the People's Palace is home to the Grade II listed Great Hall. The art deco style Great Hall has a seating capacity of over 700 and standing of 1,000. It is complemented by 3 lecture theatres and a foyer.[38]
The Whitechapel campus encompasses Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, the Whitechapel Medical Library, the award-winning Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, and the Royal London Hospital.
The West Smithfield campus of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, the West Smithfield Medical Library, the Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, the John Vane Science Centre, the Heart Centre and St Bartholomew's Hospital are based in Smithfield.[39]
The Centre for Commercial Law Studies and LLM teaching and postgraduate law research activities are based in Lincoln's Inn Fields in Holborn.[39]
The Malta campus, situated on the island of Gozo, is part of Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry. Students taught at the Malta campus are offered the same curriculum as taught at Barts in London, for the MBBS Medicine and Medicine Foundation programmes.[40]
Harold Pinter Drama Studio[edit]
The Harold Pinter Drama Studio is the main teaching and performance space of the students and staff of the Department of Drama. On 26 April 2005, Harold Pinter, who was to win the Nobel Prize in Literature later that year, gave a public reading and was interviewed by his official authorised biographer, Michael Billington, in the studio named for Pinter and located as part of the Faculty of Arts (Department of Drama, School of English and Drama) in the Mile End campus,[41][42] to celebrate its refurbishment.[43]
Organisation and administration[edit]
Queen Mary and Westfield College was established by Act of Parliament and the granting of a Royal charter in 1989, following the merger of Queen Mary College (incorporated by charter in 1934) and Westfield College (incorporated in 1933).[44] The Charter has subsequently been revised three times: in 1995 (as a result of the merger of the College with the Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry); in 2008 (as a result of the Privy Council awarding the College Degree Awarding Powers; and in July 2010 (following a governance review).[44]
Schools, faculties and departments[edit]
There are three faculties and an interdisciplinary life sciences institute. These are split further into independent schools, institutes, and departments:[45][46]
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
- School of Business and Management
- School of Economics and Finance
- School of English and Drama
- School of Languages, Linguistics and Film
- School of Geography
- Global Shakespeare (in partnership with the University of Warwick)
- School of History
- School of Law
- School of Politics and International Relations
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
- The Blizard Institute
- Institute of Dentistry
- Institute of Health Sciences Education
- William Harvey Research Institute
- The Centre of the Cell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Institute of Bioengineering
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- School of Mathematical Sciences
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- Materials Research Institute (MRI)
- Life Sciences Institute
- Centre for Computational Biology
- Centre for Genomic Health
- Centre for Mind in Society
- Institute of Bioengineering
Central administration[edit]
Queen Mary is an 'exempt charity' under the Charities Act 1993. The Higher Education Funding Council for England has been Queen Mary's principal regulator since June 2010.[44]
Finances[edit]
In the financial year ended 31 July 2011, Queen Mary had a total income (including share of joint ventures) of £297.1 million (2009/10 – £289.82 million) and total expenditure of £295.35 million (2009/10 – £291.56 million).[44] Key sources of income included £100.02 million from funding body grants (2009/10 – £103.97 million), £82.8 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2009/10 – £76.22 million), £73.66 million from research grants and contracts (2009/10 – £68.47 million) and £1.17 million from endowment and investment income (2008/09 – £1.48 million).[44] During the 2010/11 financial year Queen Mary had a capital expenditure of £42.53 million (2009/10 – £45.61 million).[44]
At year end Queen Mary had endowments of £33.59 million (2009/10 – £29.95 million) and total net assets of £300.79 million (2009/10 – £291.38 million).[44]
Academic profile[edit]
The Blizard Building, housing the Institute of Cell and Molecular Sciences
Queen Mary has around 4,500 members of staff, who teach and research across a wide range of subjects in the Humanities, Social Sciences and Laws, Medicine and Dentistry and Science and Engineering. More than 25,000 students study at the 21 academic schools and institutes, with 44 percent coming from overseas and represent 162 different countries. Queen Mary awarded over £2 million in studentships to prospective postgraduate students for the 2011/12 academic year.[39][47][48]
Research[edit]
It was ranked joint 9th in the UK amongst multi-faculty institutions for the quality (GPA) of its research[49] and 20th for its Research Power in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework.[50] In the UK Research Assessment Exercise results published in December 2008, Queen Mary was placed 11th according to an analysis by The Guardian newspaper[51] and 13th according to The Times Higher Education Supplement,[52] out of the 132 institutions submitted for the exercise. The Times Higher commented 'the biggest star among the research-intensive institutions was Queen Mary, University of London, which went from 48th in 2001 to 13th in the 2008 Times Higher Education table, up 35 places.'[53]
The growth and strength of research at the College was rewarded with an invitation to join the Russell Group of research-intensive universities in the UK in 2012.[54]
The university is also a member of the Screen Studies Group, London.
Libraries[edit]
Queen Mary's main library is located on the Mile End campus where most subjects are represented. It also has two medical libraries in Whitechapel and West Smithfield. Usual opening hours are 8am to midnight. Since September 2017, the Mile End Library has been open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week during term time (including bank holidays).[55]
As members of a college of the University of London, students at Queen Mary have access to Senate House Library, shared by other colleges such as King's College London and University College London, in addition to library access throughout most of the individual University of London colleges, subject to approval at the given University.
Partnerships[edit]
Queen Mary offers a joint degree programme with Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. This was the first of its kind to be approved by the PRC Ministry of Education, it is taught 50% by each institution in English. In Beijing staff from Queen Mary teach part of the programme and the students receive two degrees, one from each university. The programmes are in Telecommunications and Management and Ecommerce Engineering and Law. Almost 2,000 students are studying on these programmes in 2009 and the first cohort graduated in the Summer of 2008.[56] The joint programmes have been praised by the UK Quality Assurance Agency; the PRC Ministry of Education; and the UK Institution of Engineering and Technology.[57][third-party source needed]
Queen Mary collaborated with Royal Holloway to help run programmes at the University of London Institute in Paris (ULIP) which is a central academic body of the University of London located in Paris, France, enabling undergraduate and graduate students to study University of London ratified French Studies degrees in France.[58] From September 2016, Queen Mary took over the functions provided by Royal Holloway and all students are now considered registered students of Queen Mary.[6]
Queen Mary provides academic guidance for the Global Master of Business Administration degree offered by the University of London's distance learning.[7]
Queen Mary is a founding partner in UCLPartners, an academic health science centre located in London. Queen Mary joined UCLPartners in 2011.
Admissions[edit]
2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applications[59] | 29,885 | 31,825 | 34,100 | 31,870 | 27,785 |
Offer Rate (%)[60] | 81.6 | 76.9 | 75.0 | 74.4 | 74.3 |
Enrols[61] | 4,665 | 4,965 | 4,580 | 4,005 | 3,880 |
Yield (%) | 19.1 | 20.3 | 17.9 | 16.9 | 18.8 |
Applicant/Enrolled Ratio | 6.41 | 6.41 | 7.45 | 7.96 | 7.16 |
Average Entry Tariff[62][a] | n/a | 148 | 393 | 404 | 408 |
In terms of average UCAS points of entrants, Queen Mary ranked 32nd in Britain in 2014.[63] The university gives offers of admission to 75.0% of its applicants, the 12th lowest amongst the Russell Group.[64]
According to the 2017 Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide, approximately 12% of Queen Mary's undergraduates come from independent schools.[65] In the 2016–17 academic year, the university had a domicile breakdown of 68:10:22 of UK:EU:non-EU students respectively with a female to male ratio of 54:46.[66]
Rankings and reputation[edit]
National rankings | |
---|---|
Complete (2020)[67] | 41 |
Guardian (2020)[68] | 83 |
Times / Sunday Times (2019)[69] | 46= |
Global rankings | |
ARWU (2018)[70] | 151–200 |
CWTS Leiden (2019)[71] | 51 |
QS (2019)[72] | 119 |
THE (2019)[73] | 130 |
British Government assessment | |
Teaching Excellence Framework[74] | Silver |
World
In the 2018 QS World University Rankings Queen Mary ranked 119th worldwide[8] The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2017 ranked Queen Mary 130th in the world.[9]Academic Ranking of World Universities 2016 ranks Queen Mary between 151–200 in the world.[11] The university ranks 51st in the world in the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2018.[75] The 2017 U.S. News & World Report ranks Queen Mary 128th in the world.[76]
Europe
Queen Mary ranks 11th in Europe in the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2016.[75] The university ranks 47th in the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities in Europe.[77]Times Higher Education has ranked Queen Mary equal 46th in a ranking of European universities.[78]
Subject
Queen Mary ranks 69th in the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities for Molecular Biology and Genetics, and 70th in the Best Global Universities for Clinical Medicine.[77]Academic Ranking of World Universities 2016 ranks the university between 76-100 in the Ranking of World Universities in Life and Agriculture Sciences, and in Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy.[77] The 2019 Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranks Queen Mary 100th in the world for Computer Science.[11]
The School of Law was ranked 34th in the world by QS World University Rankings 2018[79] and 37th by Times Higher Education in 2018.[80]
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry has been ranked as the 3rd best medical school in the UK by The Guardian[81] and is globally ranked 9th by the QS World University Rankings (51-100).
The Schools of English and Drama have both been ranked in the top 35 in the world, with the School of History ranking in the global top 50 by QS World University Rankings.[82][83]
National
Queen Mary ranks 8th in the UK in the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2016.[75] Queen Mary ranks 13th in the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities in the United Kingdom, and 5th in London.[77] In Times Higher Education Best universities in the UK 2017, it has been ranked 15th.[84]The Guardian ranks Queen Mary in the University league tables 2017 1st for Media & Film Studies, 2nd for Medicine in the UK, 3rd in the UK for Dentistry, 9th for History in the UK, 5th for Law in the UK.[85]The Complete University Guide 2019 ranks Queen Mary 38th overall.[12]
The 2014 Research Excellence Framework ranked Queen Mary equal 9th with the University of Edinburgh and University of Bristol.[86]
Queen Mary students feature in the top 10 in the UK for graduate starting salaries, according to The Times and Sunday Times University League Table 2016.[87]
Student life[edit]
Queen Mary Students' Union[edit]
The Queen Mary Students' Union (QMSU) unites the various clubs and societies of Queen Mary. The union is based at the recently refurbished Students' Hub. The elected representatives within the union are made up of a president and three vice-presidents. The union mascot is a leopard called Mary.
- SU facilities and publications
- Qmotion (Gym/Fitness Centre)
- Drapers Bar
- Ground
- The Learning Cafe
- Infusion Shop
- The Print (newspaper)
- CUB (magazine)
- Quest (radio)
- Queen Mary Theatre Company
- QMTV (television)
- Students' Union Hub
The Students' Union Hub replaces the previous office called the Blomley Centre. It is named after a former President and VP Education, Laura Blomeley, who completed her term in office with terminal cancer. In remembrance of her commitment to QMSU, two key rooms in the new Students' Union Hub have been named after her.
Queen Mary students are also permitted to use the facilities at Student Central, the former University of London Union, located a 15-minute tube ride away in Bloomsbury.
Sports[edit]
The Merger Cup is a series of annual sporting fixtures played between QM and BL sports clubs. The event has taken place since the merger of the two institutions in 1995. The results of a number of matches normally played on the same day are combined to determine the overall winner. Sporting fixtures include badminton, basketball, football, hockey, netball, rugby, squash, swimming, tennis and rowing.
In recent times Queen Mary have won the cup in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008. 2009 saw the cup return to the medical school with a 9-7 victory over Queen Mary, but a close 10-9 win brought it back to Queen Mary in 2010. In 2011, Barts & The London were Merger Cup winners. In 2012 QM won with a 15-7 defeat of BL, QM were also victorious in 2013. In 2014 Barts dominated 29-24, winning most major sports in the process. In 2016, Barts won against Queen Mary 67-37.[citation needed]
The university has an alumni football club, Queen Mary College Old Boys FC, which was founded in 1989 and maintains close links with university. The club has three teams and competes in the Amateur Football Combination [88] The club's 1st XI won four league titles in five seasons, including two league and London Old Boys Cup doubles[when?][89][90][91][92][93][94]
Student housing[edit]
Many QMUL students are accommodated in the college's own halls of residence or other accommodation; QMUL students are also eligible to apply for places in the University of London intercollegiate halls of residence, such as Connaught Hall.
Most students in college or university accommodation are first-year undergraduates or international students. The majority of second and third-year students and postgraduates find their own accommodation in the private sector.[95]
Undergraduate[edit]
Feilden House with The Curve restaurant beneath, located in the centre of Westfield Student Village
Pooley House, the largest campus building, on the edge of Regent's Canal
The College's Westfield Student Village, situated in the north-east corner of the Mile End Campus, has en-suite, self-catering housing for 1,195 students, staff and academic visitors in six contemporary buildings. A shop, laundrette, café bar, 200-seat restaurant and central reception (staffed 24 hours a day), and a communal area situated adjacent to the Regents canal, form part of the Village development. Rooms are arranged in flats and maisonettes housing between four and eleven students.
Undergraduate student housing at Queen Mary includes:
- Albert Stern House – Located next to Ifor Evans at the western end of the main Queen Mary campus.
- Beaumont Court – Housing for 167 first year, associate and foundation students in maisonettes and flats. Located opposite Sir France House and adjacent to Creed Court.
- Sir Christopher France House – Situated on the bank of the Regents canal, flats in this building have full en-suite facilities.
- Creed Court – Housing for 124 postgraduate students in 10 maisonettes and 12 flats. Located opposite Sir France House and adjacent to Beaumont Court.
- Ifor Evans – Located at the western end of the campus.
- Lindop House – A residential development situated directly opposite the Queens' Building. Housing for 74 first year undergraduate, mostly medics, and foundation students in single rooms in 11 six-person flats and 2 four-person flats.
- Maurice Court – containing 12 maisonettes and 18 flats for up to 173 first year students. Located at the rear of Creed and Beaumont Courts and very close to Mile End Hospital.
- Maynard & Varey Houses – Two buildings housing 200 first year undergraduate, associate and foundation students. Situated in Westfield Way at the eastern end of the Mile End campus directly opposite the College's Chemistry and IT Resource Centre.
- Pooley House – Located at the far end of the campus, providing housing for 378 first year, associate and foundation students in 48 flats. The largest building in the village development.
- Richard Feilden House – Housing for 200 first year, associate and foundation students. The Curve, a 200-seat restaurant is situated on the ground floor. Opened in 2007, it is the newest dwelling in the Village and is situated opposite the Joseph Priestley Building.
Postgraduate[edit]
Postgraduate student housing at Queen Mary includes:
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- Chapman, Chesney and Selincourt – Four residences situated in Westfield Way, at the eastern end of the Mile End campus adjacent to the Regents Canal. 94 single en-suite rooms for final year undergraduate and new postgraduate students
- Dawson Hall – Located near Barbican tube station in the City of London and set around lawns and trees on the college's Charterhouse campus, close to St Bartholomew's Hospital. Provides single rooms for 207 medical and dental students and medical based postgraduates.
- Floyer House – Houses 145 medical and dental students and medical based postgraduates, located close to the London Hospital and Dental Institute at the College's Whitechapel campus.
- Hatton House – Situated in Westfield Way at the eastern end of the Mile End campus. Rooms are furnished and have full en-suite facilities.
- Stocks Court – Situated just off the Mile End Road, providing housing for 125 postgraduate students. Located five minutes walk from the main campus at Mile End and is under a minutes' walk from Stepney Green tube station.
Notable people[edit]
Notable academics[edit]
- Sir Richard Owen, British biologist, comparative anatomist and paleontologist
- Sir John Vane, British pharmacologist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982
- Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer, politician, and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature
Notable current and former staff of Queen Mary include:
- John Abernethy – British surgeon, lecturer of St. Bartholomew's Hospital; founder of the Medical College of St Bartholomew’s Hospital[96]
- Edgar Andrews – British physicist and engineer (founded the Department of Materials at Queen Mary in 1967)
- Keith Ansell-Pearson – British philosopher[97]
- W. Ross Ashby – British psychiatrist and pioneer in cybernetics, the study of complex systems
- Rosemary A. Bailey – British mathematician
- Tim Bale – British political scientist
- Ted Bastin – British physicist and mathematician
- Sir Christopher Bayly – British historian[98]
- William Bonfield – British material scientist, and Emeritus Professor of Medical Materials in the University of Cambridge
- Donald Bradley – British chemist[99]
- Peter Cameron – Australian mathematician[100]
- Bernard Carr – British mathematician and astronomer
- John Dennis Carthy – British zoologist
- Lorna Casselton – British biologist[101]
- Lars Chittka – German biologist, founded the Department of Psychology at Queen Mary in 2007
- Peter Clarricoats – British microwave engineer[102]
- Roger Cotterrell – British legal scholar
- Philip Cowley – British political scientist
- Sir Ross Cranston – British lawyer, High Court judge, formerly academic lawyer and Labour Party politician[103]
- David Currie, Baron Currie of Marylebone – British economist specialising in regulation, and a cross-bench member of the House of Lords
- Michael Dewar – British chemist
- Alan Deyermond – British historian
- Patrick Diamond – British policy advisor
- Toby Dodge – British political scientist
- Sebastian Doniach – British-American physicist and professor at Stanford University[104]
- Graham Dorrington – British aeronautical engineer, subject of The White Diamond
- David Drewry – British glaciologist and geophysicist
- Michael Duff – British physicist
- Peter Duffy – British barrister
- Sir William Ellison-Macartney – Irish/British Governor of the People's Palace and Governor of Tasmania
- Sir Edward Frankland – British chemist
- Felipe Fernández-Armesto – British historian
- Daniel Friedmann – Israeli lawyer, Minister of Justice of Israel, 2007–2009
- Robin Ganellin – British chemist
- Sir Archibald Garrod – British physician who pioneered the field of inborn errors of metabolism
- Samuel Gee – British physician and paediatrician; published the first complete modern description of the clinical picture of coeliac disease
- Dame Hazel Genn – British legal scholar, Dean of the Faculty of Laws and Professor of Socio-Legal Studies at University College London
- Trisha Greenhalgh – British medical doctor
- Karl W. Gruenberg – British mathematician
- Sanjeev Goyal – Indian economist[105]
- Michael Green – British physicist
- William Harvey – British physician at Barts; discovery of circulation of blood
- Eric Heinze – British legal scholar
- Peter Hennessy, Baron Hennessy of Nympsfield – British historian, and a cross-bench member of the House of Lords
- Marian Hobson – British academic, Professor of French
- George Hockham – British engineer, co-pioneer of optical fibres for long distance communications systems
- Tristram Hunt – British politician and historian
- Julian Jackson – British historian
- Ian Jacobs – British academic, Professor of Gynaecological Cancer
- Lisa Jardine – British academic, Professor of Renaissance Studies
- Jeremy Jennings – British academic, Professor of Political Theory
- Mark Jerrum – British computer scientist and computational theorist[106]
- Colin Jones – British academic, Professor of History
- Gwyn Jones – British physicist and curator, Professor of Physics
- Ajay Kakkar, Baron Kakkar – British surgeon, Professor of Surgery at University College London, and a cross-bench member of the House of Lords[107]
- Peter Kalmus – British academic, Emeritus Professor of Physics
- Annette Kuhn – British academic, Emeritus Professor of Film Studies
- Peter Landin – British academic, Professor of Theoretical Computer Science
- Vito Latora – British mathematician
- Sidney Lee – British academic, Professor of English
- Mario Vargas Llosa – Peruvian writer, politician, and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature[108]
- H. R. Loyn – British historian
- Sir Alistair MacFarlane – British electrical engineer
- Shahn Majid – British mathematician[109]
- Ursula Martin – British computer scientist, the first female professor at the University of St Andrews since its foundation in 1411[110]
- Frederick Barton Maurice – British general and historian
- Michael Mingos – British chemist
- Elaine Murphy, Baroness Murphy – British politician, cross-bench member of the House of Lords; Professor of Old Age Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London (1995-2006)
- William Odling – British chemist who contributed to the development of the periodic table
- Sir Richard Owen – British biologist, comparative anatomist and paleontologist[2]
- Nicholas O'Shaughnessy – British academic, Professor of Marketing and Communication
- James Parkinson – British medical doctor, activist, discovered Parkinson's disease
- J. R. Partington – British chemist and historian of chemistry
- Ian C. Percival – British theoretical physicist[111]
- Maurice Peston, Baron Peston – British academic, Professor of Economics, and a Labour Party member of the House of Lords
- Dame Lesley Rees – British academic, Emeritus Professor of Chemical Endocrinology
- John Rentoul – British journalist
- Harold Roper Robinson – British academic, Professor of Physics
- Jacqueline Rose – British academic, Professor of English
- Sir Joseph Rotblat – Polish physicist, Professor of Physics, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College (1950–76); awarded the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize for efforts toward nuclear disarmament[112]
- Miri Rubin – British academic, Professor of Early Modern History
- Charles Saumarez Smith – British art historian
- Denise Sheer – British academic, Professor of Human Genetics
- Quentin Skinner – British academic, Professor of the Humanities
- Sir Adrian Smith – British mathematician
- Trevor Arthur Smith, Baron Smith of Clifton – British politician and academic, and a Liberal Democrat member of the House of Lords
- Anne Szarewski, British cancer researcher
- Matthew H. Todd, Britist chemist
- David Turner – British computer scientist
- Sir John Vane – British pharmacologist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982
- Karen Vousden – British academic, Professor of Genetics
- Sir Nicholas Wald – British medical researcher
- Sir Robert Watson – British academic, Professor of Environmental Science
- Martin Weale – British academic, Professor of Economics
- Lois Weaver – British academic, Professor of Contemporary Performance
- Robert Winston, Baron Winston – British academic, pioneer of in vitro fertilisation, and a Labour Party member of the House of Lords
- Sir Nicholas Wright – British academic, Professor of Histopathology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London[113]
- Alec David Young – British academic, Professor of Aeronautical Engineering
- Ken Young – British academic in public policy studies
Notable alumni[edit]
- Jane Hill, BBC News presenter
- Peter Hain, former Leader of the House of Commons
- Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, President of Iceland
Nobel laureates[edit]
To date, there have been eight Nobel laureates who were either students or academics at Queen Mary.
Name | Prize | Year | Rationale |
---|---|---|---|
Sir Ronald Ross | Physiology or Medicine | For discovering the life-cycle of the malarial parasite Plasmodium[114] | |
Edgar Adrian | Physiology or Medicine | For his work on the function of neurons[115] | |
Sir Henry Hallett Dale | Physiology or Medicine | For his discoveries relating to the chemical transmission of nerve impulses[116] | |
Sir John Vane | Physiology or Medicine | For his work on prostaglandins | |
Sir Joseph Rotblat | Peace | For his lifelong devotion to nuclear abolition[117] | |
Sir Peter Mansfield | Physiology or Medicine | For his pioneering work on Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a diagnostic technique[118] | |
Sir Charles K. Kao | Physics | 2009 | For his achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibres for optical communication |
Mario Vargas Llosa | Literature | 'For his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat'[119] |
Principals[edit]
To date, Queen Mary has had a total of 22 principals (11 of Westfield College, eight of Queen Mary College, and three since the merger of Queen Mary, Westfield, and Barts).[19]
The current Principal is Colin Bailey, a structural engineer, who became Principal in September 2017.[120]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Harte, N. B. The University of London, 1836-1986: An Illustrated History. Bloomsbury Publishing.
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- Bibliography
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External links[edit]
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